What Are Terpenes and How Do They Affect Your Buzz?
By now, most of us have heard terms like indica, sativa and hybrid – or THC and CBD. Chances are, you have a basic understanding of how these differences affect us when consuming different strains of weed. You’ve also probably heard of the entourage effect. But did you know that it’s not just THC and CBD that play a part in creating your experience with different strains? Terpenes also play their part – and different terpene profiles have more of an impact than you might expect. So, what are terpenes in weed and what are they used for?
What Are Terpenes in Cannabis and What do They Do?
Most plants have aromatic oils called terpenes.They are the reason for distinctive scents and flavors like citrus, berry, mint, and pine. Anyone who is already familiar with essential oils is probably already somewhat familiar with terpenes and their uses. Terpenes help plants with oxygenation and regeneration and can provide protection from external environmental factors. In cannabis, they can change the overall effect of a strain when consumed.
For example, terpene profile – or the dominant terpenes in a strain – is why two indica stains with similar THC content may have entirely different effects.
On their own, most terpenes are not considered to be psychoactive and are not intoxicating. Some terpenes promote relaxation, while others promote focus. These qualities, paired with cannabinoids like THC and CBD, factor into how beneficial a strain is for specific needs.
Some research suggests that terpenes could have potential benefits for mental health conditions including anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorder.
What Are the Most Common Terpenes in Weed?
There have been over 100 different terpenes identified in cannabis plants so far. Each strain has its own unique terpene profile. If you’ve ever wondered why some stains are dank and earthy while others smell of berries or citrus, your answer is terpenes.
As we mentioned before, along with determining the aroma and flavor of a strain terpenes will impact the effects of a strain. For example, myrcene is known to calming, almost sedating effects and an herbal aroma. On the other hand, limonene is known for producing a citrus aroma and an elevated mood.
If you’ve ever heard about essential oils and aromatherapy, it’s the same concept. While there are over 100 terpenes identified in cannabis so far, here’s a look at some of the ones found most often.
Myrcene
This is the most common terpene found in commercial cannabis strains. Myrcene is believed to promote relaxing effects. This makes it potentially useful in the treatment of insomnia, pain and inflammation among other things. The musky and earthy aroma contributes to the familiar traits of strains like Granddaddy Purple and OG Kush. Myrcene is also found in thyme, lemongrass, mango, and hops.
Caryophyllene
This terpene is unique because it acts as a cannabinoid as well, activating the endocannabinoid systems anti-inflammatory response. Found in strains like Original Glue and Purple Punch, caryophyllene offers stress relieving effects. Found also in black pepper, cloves, and cinnamon it has a spicy, peppery or clove like aroma and flavor.
Pinene
This is the most common terpene, not only in cannabis, but in the world. Pinene is (surprise!) creates the aroma of pine. Found in strains like Snoop’s Dream and Critical Mass, this is the terpene behind the smell of Christmas Trees during the holidays. Known for promoting alertness and memory retention, pinene might counteract the more intense effects of THC.
Limonene
Lemon rinds, orange rinds, peppermint, and juniper all contain limonene. Strains like White Fire OG and Wedding Cake get their lemony flavor and smell from it. Believed to elevate mood, this terprne is used in the treatment of anxiety, depression, inflammation, and pain.
Linalool
Found in plants like lavender and the bark of a birch tree, linalool is believed to promote relaxation and have calming effects. Strains used for treating anxiety, depression, insomnia, pain, and more often have linalool in them. Stains with linalool include Kosher Kush and Do-Si-Dos where it contributes to both the calming effects and the floral aroma.
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